Efeito da Inoculação de bactérias Hidrocapacitadoras no Desenvolvimento da Soja sob Déficit Hídrico

Resumo

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a legume of great economic importance for Brazil, the world's leading producer and exporter of this crop. In the 2022/2023 season, production reached a record 322.8 million tons. However, due to the El Niño climatic phenomenon, the forecast for the 2023/2024 season indicates a decrease to 306.4 million tons, representing a 5.08% reduction. This decline is attributed to delayed and reduced rainfall, highlighting water scarcity as a growing challenge for farmers, particularly in regions prone to climatic extremes. In this context, low-cost strategies such as the use of growth-promoting and hydrocapacity microorganisms have been investigated as promising alternatives to mitigate the effects of water deficit. Here, we evaluated the impact of hydrocapacity bacterial inoculation on the vegetative development of soybeans under water stress conditions. The experiment consisted of four treatments: irrigated inoculated seeds, irrigated non-inoculated seeds, non-irrigated inoculated seeds, and non-irrigated non-inoculated seeds, arranged in a randomized block design with six replicates. We assessed root length, number of nodes, number of leaves, number of flowers/pods, and plant height. The use of a commercial product containing Bacillus aryabhathai, Bacillus circulans, and Bacillus haynesii resulted in significant improvements in the vegetative development of the cultivar CZ37B31I2X, promoting greater root length, number of nodes, flowers/pods, plant height, and dry mass. These results indicate the potential of hydrocapacity microorganisms to enhance soybean resilience under water deficit conditions.