Atividade Antimicrobiana do Óleo de Girassol Ozonizado Encapsulado em Lipossomas Contra Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolados de Éguas com Endometrite
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2025v29n3p762-772Resumo
A endometrite é uma causa frequente de baixa fertilidade em éguas devido à infecção por patógenos bacterianos no endométrio. Um problema crítico no tratamento de éguas é a resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos. Produtos naturais como o óleo de girassol são de interesse para o desenvolvimento de novos antimicrobianos, posto que a resistência a fitomoléculas é rara, devido à complexidade estrutural e aos variados mecanismos de ação. Lipossomas são nanovesículas compostas por fosfolipídios que representam um recurso estratégico na farmacoterapia. Estas vesículas permitem a liberação controlada das substâncias e possibilitam o uso em doses menores que as formas não encapsuladas. Este estudo avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana do óleo de girassol ozonizado encapsulado em lipossomas contra 10 cepas de Staphylococcus aureus e de Pseudomonas aeruginosa isoladas de éguas com endometrite, além de caracterizá-los parcialmente quanto ao tamanho e capacidade de encapsulação. Os lipossomas foram produzidos por extrusão em membranas de PVDF e caracterizados parcialmente em relação ao tamanho e capacidade de carga por espectrofotometria e pelo método de Bligh-Dyer, respectivamente. Foram realizados testes de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração bactericida mínima (CBM), além de microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As vesículas apresentaram um tamanho estimado de 239,34 nm e uma capacidade de carga estimada de 43,28%. Os lipossomas apresentaram CIM de 4 µg/mL para ambas as espécies, com valor de CBM menor para S. aureus. O óleo de girassol ozonizado encapsulado em lipossomas apresentou atividade antimicrobiana satisfatória, reforçando a relevância de substâncias encapsuladas em lipossomas para tratamentos farmacológicos otimizados.
Palavras-chave: Lipossomas. Óleo de girassol. Ozonização. Endometrite. Éguas.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel Souza Dos Santos, Arthur Azevedo Perpétuo, Juliane Zacour Marinho, Murillo Néia Thomaz Da Silva, Geovane Marcos Guimarães De Souza, Marcus Vinícius Dias Souza
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