Genotype X Environment Interaction Affecting the Physicochemical Quality of Coffea canephora Clones Cultivated in Western Amazonia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2025v29n4p1004-1022Abstract
Coffea canephora is a coffee crop species of economic and social importance in Western Amazonia as a source of income for smallholder farms, which benefits from the proximity to forest ecosystems and their natural pollinators. This study evaluated the physicochemical composition of green beans from the predominant C. canephora clones cultivated in the region. Moisture, aqueous extract, total ash, pH, total titratable acidity, crude protein content, lipid content, total phenolic compounds, and total soluble sugars were evaluated in two contrasting environments. The genotype × environment interaction significantly influenced all evaluated traits, with total phenolic compounds showing the largest variation (3.50–5.61 g gallic acid equivalents 100 g−1), reaching up to 50% higher concentrations in the lower-altitude environment (Porto Velho, RO; 88 m) than in São Felipe d’Oeste, RO (276 m). Correlations between aqueous extract and total soluble sugars, and between total phenolic compounds and reducing sugars, were significant in both environments, indicating the absence of environmental effects on these associations. Clone LB80 exhibited the greatest stability in physicochemical composition across environments, whereas clones AR106, LB15, and N16 showed the least stability. The evaluated clones showed considerable genetic diversity, particularly clone AS1, which exhibited the highest crude protein and total soluble sugar contents. The results indicate the importance of selecting genotypes adapted to specific soil and climate conditions to optimize bean quality and enhance the market competitiveness of C. canephora produced in Western Amazonia.
Keywords: Amazonian Robusta. Green Bean Composition. Phenolic Compounds. Stability.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Hilton Lopes Junior, Larissa Cristina Torrezani Starling Reinicke, Fernando Henrique Meneguci Lemos, Luiza Carolina Carolina Morais Silva, Rodrigo Simões Silva, Rodrigo Barros Rocha, Marcelo Curitiba Espindula
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