Antimicrobial Activity of Liposome-Entrapped Ozonated Sunflower Oil Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Mares with Endometritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2025v29n3p762-772Abstract
Endometritis is a frequent cause of low fertility in mares dure to infection by bacterial pathogens in the endometrium. A critical issue in treating mares is the bacterial resistance of antimicrobial drugs. Natural products such as sunflower oil are of interest for the development of new antimicrobials, given that resistance to phytomolecules is rare, mostly due to the structural complexity of the molecules and their varied mechanisms of action. Liposomes are nanovesicles made of phospholipids that represent a strategic resource in drug therapy. They provide controlled release of entrapped substances and make it possible to used drugs in lower doses compared to non-entrapped counterparts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of liposome-entrapped ozonated sunflower oil against 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from mares with endometritis, and to partially characterize them regarding size and loading capacity. Liposomes were produced by extrusion in PVDF membranes and partially characterized concerning size and loading capacity by spectrophotometry and by the Bligh-Dyer method, respectively. We performed minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration tests, as well as scanning electron microscopy. The vesicles presented an estimated size of 239.34 nm, an estimated loading capacity of 43.28%, and a MIC of 4 ug/mL for both species. The MBC was lower for S. aureus isolates. Liposome-entrapped ozonated sunflower oil was effective as antimicrobial, supporting the relevance of liposome-based delivery for optimized pharmacological treatments.
Keywords: Liposomes. Sunflower oil. Ozonation. Endometritis. Mares.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel Souza Dos Santos, Arthur Azevedo Perpétuo, Juliane Zacour Marinho, Murillo Néia Thomaz Da Silva, Geovane Marcos Guimarães De Souza, Marcus Vinícius Dias Souza
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