Occurrence of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Neighborhoods of Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso: An Analysis from 2018 to 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2025v29n2p526-538Abstract
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonosis of major public health concern, caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum and transmitted by sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia. The disease presents a complex epidemiological profile, facilitated by unplanned urbanization, lack of basic sanitation, and abandonment of animals, which create ideal conditions for vector proliferation. This study, conducted in Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso, between 2018 and 2023, aimed to demonstrate the occurrence of CVL, the spatial distribution of cases with emphasis on areas of greater socio-environmental vulnerability, and the progression of the disease over time. Epidemiological data were provided by the Zoonosis Surveillance Unit (UVZ) and included the evaluation of 2,401 dogs from various urban regions of the city. Initial screening was performed using the immunochromatographic DPP® test, which showed 32.53% (781) positive results. These findings were subsequently confirmed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), which confirmed 72.34% (565/781) of the initially positive cases. Spatial analysis revealed a significant concentration of cases in the western and eastern regions, areas marked by poor urban infrastructure. These results highlight the urgent need for control measures such as the use of insecticide collars, educational campaigns, and improvements in sanitation. Furthermore, increased investments in surveillance are essential for continuous monitoring and the development of more effective responses to control this zoonosis, thereby protecting both animal and human health.
Keywords: Leishmania spp. Protozoan. Zoonosis. Occurrence.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Renato José Evangelista Giroli, Natan Carlos Barbosa Lima , Bárbara Kettermann Volobueff , Álvaro Felipe De Lima Ruy Dias , Andréia Lima Tomé Melo
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