Environmental Factors on the Germination of Susceptible and Resistant Biotypes of Cyperus iria L. to ALS Enzyme Inhibiting Herbicides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2025v29n4p802-822Abstract
Herbicide resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors has compromised the management of Cyperus iria L., one of the main weeds in irrigated rice cultivation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the germination and emergence of C. iria biotypes susceptible and resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, analyzing the influence of different environmental factors. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to assess the influence of light quality and osmotic potential on germination, as well as the effects of seed burial depth and ryegrass straw on C. iria emergence. All the experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD), with four replications. C. iria is classified as a positively photoblastic species, showing higher germination rates under white and red light spectra. The species exhibited moderate tolerance to water stress, being able to germinate across a wide range of osmotic potentials, which highlights its adaptability to different soil moisture conditions. The emergence of the resistant biotype was favored at shallower burial depths. Furthermore, the presence of ryegrass straw on the soil surface exerted a differential impact on seedling emergence, showing a suppressive effect at amounts close to 6.98 t ha⁻¹. These results indicate that adequate irrigation water management, combined with practices that prevent seed exposure on the soil surface and the maintenance of straw mulch, can reduce C. iria emergence and contribute to integrated weed management in irrigated rice fields.
Keywords: Irrigated Rice. Resistance. Germination. Emergence.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Anelise Lencina Da Silva, Raquel Stefanello, Jaqueline Sgarbossa, André Da Rosa Ulguim , Larissa Staggemeier Dos Santos , Ubirajara Russi Nunes
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