Encapsulation of Micro‑Cuttings of Acmella oeracea from Micropropagated Plantlets in Different Concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2026v30n3p%25pAbstract
Acmella oleracea, a leafy vegetable native to the Amazon region, has significant potential for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and gastronomic industries. This study evaluated biometric characteristics, stomatal morphology, and epicuticular wax deposition in plantlets obtained from the in vitro conversion of encapsulated micro-cuttings. Micro-cuttings derived from plantlets multiplied under five concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0.000–0.200 mg L⁻¹) were encapsulated in an alginate matrix and cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium for 30 days, using 11 units per treatment. BAP concentration significantly affected conversion frequency (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.0036; Cramér’s V = 0.55) and all biometric traits (ANOVA, p < 0.001; η² = 0.385–0.532). Compared with the BAP-free control, material previously exposed to BAP generally showed higher conversion frequency, numbers of leaves and shoots, plant height, and root dry mass. Shoot dry mass was 54.5% higher at 0.100 mg L⁻¹ BAP than in the control, although it did not differ significantly from that obtained at 0.200 mg L⁻¹. Conversely, stem diameter was highest in the control. Anomocytic and ellipsoid stomata were observed, whereas evident epicuticular wax deposition and qualitative differences in leaf epidermal micromorphology among treatments were not detected. Therefore, exposure of donor cultures to low BAP concentrations improved the subsequent conversion and vegetative development of encapsulated micro-cuttings, representing a promising strategy for the in vitro propagation of A. oleracea.
Keywords: Asteraceae. Encapsulation. Jambu. Micropropagation. Nodal Segment.
Resumo
Acmella oleracea, hortaliça folhosa nativa da região Amazônica, apresenta elevado potencial para as indústrias cosmética, farmacêutica e gastronômica. Este estudo avaliou características biométricas, morfologia estomática e deposição de cera epicuticular em plântulas obtidas pela conversão in vitro de microestacas encapsuladas. Microestacas provenientes de plântulas multiplicadas sob cinco concentrações de 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP; 0,000–0,200 mg L⁻¹) foram encapsuladas em matriz de alginato e cultivadas em meio Murashige e Skoog durante 30 dias, utilizando-se 11 unidades por tratamento. A concentração de BAP afetou significativamente a frequência de conversão (teste exato de Fisher, p = 0,0036; V de Cramér = 0,55) e todas as características biométricas (ANOVA, p < 0,001; η² = 0,385–0,532). Em comparação com o controle sem BAP, o material previamente exposto ao regulador apresentou, em geral, maiores frequência de conversão, números de folhas e brotos, altura das plântulas e massa seca radicular. A massa seca da parte aérea foi 54,5% superior com 0,100 mg L⁻¹ de BAP em relação ao controle, embora não tenha diferido significativamente daquela obtida com 0,200 mg L⁻¹. Em contrapartida, o maior diâmetro do caule foi registrado no controle. Foram observados estômatos anomocíticos e elipsoides, mas não foram detectadas deposição evidente de cera epicuticular nem diferenças qualitativas na micromorfologia da epiderme foliar entre os tratamentos. Portanto, a exposição das culturas doadoras a baixas concentrações de BAP melhorou a conversão subsequente e o desenvolvimento vegetativo das microestacas encapsuladas, constituindo uma estratégia promissora para a propagação in vitro de A. oleracea.
Palavras-chave: Asteraceae. Encapsulamento. Jambu. Micropropagação. Segmento Nodal.
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